Data

This is a previous release of the EcoAssets Introduced Species Occurrences by Marine Ecoregion dataset. Version 1.1 of this dataset is accessible through the CSIRO Data Portal as part of the Aggregated Data: Australian Species Occurrences 1900-2022 dataset: https://doi.org/10.25919/xpy6-t550.

Summary of species occurrence data from 1900 to 2020 for Australian marine species organised by IMCRA region and status as an introduced or invasive species using the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) list for Australia. Counts are provided by species and IMCRA region for:

1. The total number of occurrence records within the region, for a given GRIIS status and time period
2. The number of distinct species recorded within the region, for a given GRIIS status and time period

The GRIIS list identifies species that are known or believed to have been introduced to Australia. Species that are not included in the GRIIS Australia list are treated here as native species. The GRIIS list also identifies a subset of introduced species as invasive species based on knowledge that these species have had a harmful impact. This dataset organises species occurrences using these GRIIS data to assign species to one of three categories:

1. Native – not an introduced species
2. Introduced – an introduced species that is not considered invasive
3. Invasive – an introduced species that is considered invasive

The GRIIS lists have been compiled by experts with knowledge of introduced and invasive species in each country and are still being improved. It should particularly be noted that version 1.6 of the GRIIS Australia list includes a number of species which are native to Australia but which have been translocated to new parts of the country for conservation purposes. In future versions of the GRIIS Australia list, these species will be appropriately identified and can be excluded as required. This is important since the list does not indicate the areas in which the species is considered to have been introduced (including translocated). These species were manually excluded before the dataset was generated, but this version should be treated with caution. Future versions of this dataset will benefit from improvements to the GRIIS Australia list.

Occurrence records were aggregated and organised by the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA, https://ala.org.au/) and include survey and monitoring data collected and managed by the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS, https://imos.org.au/) and the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN, https://tern.org.au/).

Data from these infrastructures and other sources have been organised here as a national public-access dataset.

This dataset was created by the following pipeline (see Aggregated Data: Australian Species Occurrences for further detail on steps 1 and 2).

1. All species occurrence data aggregated by the ALA as of 2022-04-14 were imported into AWS (bucket name: occ_parquet20220414) and filtered to include only:
   1. Records from 1900 onwards
   2. Presence records only (exclude absence records
   3. Spatial coordinates present
   4. Taxon identified to at least species level
   5. Location falls within an IBRA or IMCRA region
2. These filtered occurrence data were processed to include fields considered most significant for deriving pivoted summary information on Australian species, ecoregions, forest areas, protected areas, conservation status and introduction status.
3. The processed occurrence data were then grouped to produce counts of the number of records and distinct species occurring within each IBRA region, organised by species’ EPBC status and time period. Records prior to 1970 were grouped in the first time period, and records between 1970 and 2020 were grouped into 5-year time periods. The elements in this dataset are as follows:
   1. IMCRA 4.0 mesoscale marine bioregion
   2. Starting year of the time period
   3. Ending year of the time period
   4. GRIIS status for species (Native, Introduced, Invasive)
   5. Count of all occurrence records in the region for the given period
   6. Count of all distinct species in the region for the given period

The counts in this dataset allow for simple comparisons of numbers of records and native, introduced or invasive species within regions, and comparisons across regions. Note however that such counts may not accurately reflect real differences in biodiversity, and it is important to consider confounding factors (particularly variations in recording effort over time).

These data are versioned at 12-month intervals. Previous versions will be linked below under Previous Version. The latest version can always be accessed at https://ecoassets.org.au/data/summary-data-introduced-species-occurrences-by-marine-ecoregion/.

Citation

Please cite these data as follows:

EcoAssets (2022), Summary Data: Introduced Species Occurrences by Marine Ecoregion (1.0.2022-04-14) [Data set], EcoAssets partnership (Atlas of Living Australia, Integrated Marine Observing System, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Australian Research Data Commons), DOI: https://doi.org/10.26197/ala.91179dd6-d56e-404f-97a7-ea6382307a17

EcoAssets (2022), Aggregated Data: Australian Species Occurrences (1.0.2022-04-14) [Data set], EcoAssets partnership (Atlas of Living Australia, Integrated Marine Observing System, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Australian Research Data Commons), DOI: https://doi.org/10.26197/ala.1a721c5f-577b-4e90-b00d-27e9e7cbc3f6

This dataset was created from an Atlas of Living Australia species occurrence data export to AWS on 14 April 2022 (bucket name: occ_parquet20220414). It includes sensitive data on the distribution of species and is not public. See occ_parquet_20220414 sources for a list of data sources included in this export. Contact the ALA for further information.

Australian Government Department of the Environment (2002): Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA) v4.0 – Provincial Bioregions. Link: http://catalogue-aodn.prod.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/search?uuid=30DA5FD4-AE08-405B-9F55-7E1833C230A4

Randall J, McDonald J, Wong L J, Pagad S (2021): Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species – Australia. v1.6. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG. Dataset/Checklist. https://cloud.gbif.org/griis/resource?r=griis-australia&v=1.6

EcoAssets (2022), Summary Data: Introduced Species Occurrences by Marine Ecoregion (1.0.2022-04-14) [Data set], EcoAssets partnership (Atlas of Living Australia, Integrated Marine Observing System, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Australian Research Data Commons), DOI: https://doi.org/10.26197/ala.91179dd6-d56e-404f-97a7-ea6382307a17

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